Marital Schism 婚姻破裂 Fred's family situation and the pattern of his early life experience were atypical—at least in external circumstances—although it may not be that his experience was all that atypical in relation to the experience of other paranoid patients. We can note that the pattern of interaction between his parents was typical of that described by Lidz and his group (1965) in terms of marital schism. 弗雷德的家庭状况和他早年的生活经历模式是非典型的，至少在外部环境方面是这样，尽管与其他偏执患者的经历相比，他的经历可能并非那么非典型。我们可以注意到，他父母之间的互动模式是典型的婚姻破裂，这是利兹和他的团队（1965年）所描述的。 The effect of the continual schismatic undercutting that went on between Fred's parents was to continually widen the split between them. As a result Fred's father became more and more aloof and remote, not only from Fred's mother but from Fred himself. The effect of this aloofness was twofold: it undermined any basis for firm masculine identification with his father, and it left Fred exposed to the intensely ambivalent and destructive involvement with his mother. The deficiencies of Fred's father in supplying the important masculine model for his development arose not merely from his withdrawal and apparent indifference, but were also contributed to mightily by his mother's critical, hostile, and undercutting attitude to the father. Further, as Lidz (1965) has noted, mothers of schizophrenic sons are usually quite insecure in the performance of their marital and maternal roles. Their difficulties lead them to be oversolicitous and overprotective. They seem unable to differentiate their own feelings and anxieties from those of the child. They tend to be engulfing and often intensely seductive. 弗雷德父母之间持续不断的破裂式暗中破坏，使得他们之间的裂痕越来越大。结果，弗雷德的父亲变得越来越冷漠和疏远，不仅对弗雷德的母亲，而且对弗雷德本人也是如此。这种冷漠的影响是双重的：它破坏了弗雷德与父亲之间坚定男性认同的任何基础，并使弗雷德暴露在与母亲极度矛盾和破坏性的关系中。弗雷德父亲在为他提供重要的男性发展榜样方面的缺陷，不仅源于他的退缩和明显的冷漠，而且他的母亲对父亲的批评、敌视和暗中破坏的态度也起了很大的作用。此外，正如利兹（1965年）所指出的，精神分裂症儿子的母亲在履行婚姻和母亲角色时通常相当没有安全感。她们的困难使她们变得过于殷勤和过度保护。她们似乎无法将自己的感受和焦虑与孩子的感受和焦虑区分开来。她们往往具有吞噬性，而且经常具有强烈的诱惑性。