Family Background 家庭背景 I would like to return at this point to review the family background and personal history, the odyssey of fact and circumstance that brought Henry to our attention. We can then turn to a consideration of our experience with him as a patient in the hospital. The material came forth with a considerable amount of rage at the important figures in his life. The material itself had a paranoid flavor but it also represented the patient's world of experience and objects as he lived them. 此时，我想回顾一下亨利的家庭背景和个人经历，即那些让我们注意到他的事实和境遇的历程。然后，我们可以转而谈谈他在医院作为病人时我们的治疗经验。他在讲述时，对生命中重要的人物充满了相当强烈的愤怒。这些内容本身带有偏执的色彩，但同时也反映了患者所经历的世界和他的所感所知。 The dominant part of the family background for this patient has to do with his father's family. The father was the youngest son in a family of brothers. Little is known about his parents, except that his father was a well-to-do dentist and founded what was described by the patient as a "dental dynasty" in a large midwestern city. The father had two older brothers, Fred and Clement, both of whom followed in their father's footsteps. They became orthodontists and were both quite successful. They lived in large houses, had comfortable incomes, and could afford expensive cars and servants. They were in the first rank of local society. Henry's father had been the family black sheep. He rebelled against his father's attempts to force him to follow a career in dentistry. He had run away from home and married young, apparently in a burst of impulsive anger and rebellious defiance of his father. Financially he was less successful than his brothers. He worked for years as a salesman and never rose to any position of importance in his company. He was regarded in family terms as the problem son and the family failure, even though he was able to work steadily and earned a respectable income. His failure to follow dentistry put the stamp of failure on him in his family's eyes. He also had a drinking problem which persisted through the years. 这位患者的家庭背景中，起主导作用的是他父亲的家庭。父亲是兄弟几人中的幼子。关于他父母[患者的爷爷奶奶]的情况，我们所知甚少，只知道他的父亲[患者的爷爷]是一位富裕的牙医，在中西部一个大城市创立了被患者称为“牙科王朝”的事业。父亲有两个哥哥，弗雷德和克莱门特，他们都追随父亲[患者的爷爷]的脚步。他们成为了正畸医生，而且都非常成功。他们住着大房子，收入丰厚，买得起昂贵的汽车，也雇得起仆人。他们是当地社会上流人士。亨利的父亲曾是家里的害群之马。他[患者的父亲]反抗父亲[患者的爷爷]强迫他从事牙科职业的企图。他离家出走，年纪轻轻就结了婚，显然是在一时冲动和对父亲的叛逆反抗之下做出的决定。在经济上，他不如哥哥们成功。他做了多年的销售员，在公司里从未晋升到任何重要职位。在家人眼中，他被视为问题儿子和家庭的失败者，尽管他能够稳定工作，收入也相当可观。他没有继承牙科事业，这让家人在他身上打下了失败的烙印。此外，他多年间一直酗酒。 When Henry's father married he more or less separated himself from his family. The circumstances of his marriage had not been propitious—and the marriage did not last long. He and his wife could not tolerate each other, they fought constantly, and they were soon separated and divorced. They had no children. Not long after, he met and married Henry's mother. She was from an undistinguished and poor family. Moreover she was a Catholic. On both counts she was resented and maligned by his family. She was from a lower social stratum and therefore not worthy to be a part of their family. Moreover the family was basically Methodist in religious conviction, and her Catholicism was an affront and a challenge to them. In these circumstances the relationships between Henry's mother and his father's family were doomed to be acrimonious and bitter. Henry clearly saw his mother as the helpless victim of the prejudice and bitterness of his father's family. 亨利的父亲结婚时，几乎与自己的原生家庭断绝了关系。他的婚姻并不顺遂——而且也没持续多久。他和妻子无法忍受彼此，争吵不断，很快就分居离婚了。他们没有孩子。不久后，他遇到了亨利的母亲并与之结婚。亨利的母亲出身贫寒，家世平平。而且，她还是一名天主教徒。因为这两点，她受到亨利父亲家人的怨恨和诽谤。她出身低微，因此不配成为他们家庭的一员。此外，亨利父亲一家基本信奉卫理公会，而她的天主教信仰对他们来说是一种冒犯和挑战。在这种情况下，亨利母亲与他父亲家人的关系注定充满敌意和苦涩。在亨利眼中，母亲显然是父亲家人偏见和怨恨下的无助受害者。 The relationship between Henry's father and mother was not a happy one in its own right. The father was bitter, sarcastic, demanding, irritable, hostile, and at times sadistically brutal. He was extremely temperamental and often quickly aroused to anger at the least provocation. He would frequently drink to excess, and these drinking bouts would inevitably be accompanied by vicious outbursts and beatings. The mother was patient and long-suffering. They had two children, both boys. The older boy Larry was five years older than Henry. The boys were very close. They lived on the outskirts of a small eastern city and had few neighbors. There were no other children to play with where they lived, so that the brothers became constant playmates. Henry looked up to and idolized his older brother. They spent a great deal of time together, mostly Henry tagging along with his brother when he went fishing, or out in the woods. According to Henry's account, they got along well and never fought with each other. Henry was definitely the weaker little brother. 亨利父母之间的关系本身并不融洽。父亲脾气暴躁，言语刻薄，要求苛刻，易怒，充满敌意，有时甚至残忍地施暴。他性情极其古怪，常常因为一点小事就大发雷霆。他经常酗酒，而每次醉酒都不可避免地伴随着恶毒的发泄和殴打。母亲则耐心十足，逆来顺受。他们有两个孩子，都是男孩。哥哥拉里比亨利大五岁。两兄弟关系非常亲密。他们住在东部一个小城市的郊区，邻居很少。住的地方没有其他孩子可以一起玩，所以两兄弟成了彼此的固定玩伴。亨利尊敬并崇拜他的哥哥。他们大部分时间都在一起，亨利经常跟着哥哥去钓鱼或去树林里玩。据亨利所说，他们相处得很好，从未打过架。亨利显然是较弱小的弟弟。 There was a significant interruption in this conflictual pattern of family life when Henry was about four years old. Pearl Harbor broke upon the nation and we were suddenly at war. Henry's father was taken into the serviced and remained away from home for several years. The situation with the father's family was intolerable. They were constantly interfering and trying to run his mother's life. Henry recalls that his father's mother was an incredibly dominating and controlling woman—a "real bitch"— as he put it. Apparently when his father went into the armed service, the father's family tried to take charge of his family. He recalled that his mother was very unhappy at this time. In order to get away from the family, she took her two sons and moved to Florida, where they continued to live until the war was over and the family reunited. She worked during this time and raised her family. Henry saw this whole episode as a part of the overall picture of his mother as the helpless victim of the heartless and evil intentions of this father's family—as well as of his father. 在亨利大约四岁的时候，这种充满冲突的家庭生活模式出现了重大中断。珍珠港事件爆发，国家突然陷入战争。亨利的父亲应征入伍，离家数年。父亲家人的行为令人无法忍受。他们不断干涉，试图控制母亲的生活。亨利回忆说，父亲的母亲是一个极具支配欲和控制欲的女人——用他的话说，就是一个“真正的泼妇”。显然，当父亲参军后，父亲家人试图接管他的家庭。他记得，那时母亲非常不开心。为了摆脱这个家庭，她带着两个儿子搬到佛罗里达，一直住到战争结束，家人团聚。在那段时间里，她一边工作，一边抚养孩子。在亨利看来，整个事件再次印证了他对母亲的看法，即她是父亲家人以及父亲本人无情和恶意企图下的无助受害者。